There are two types of cannabis: Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica. Anecdotal data indicates that sativa can increase one’s creative energy, while indica can help individuals feel calmer. This could be oversimplifying things, though.
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The physical variations amongst strains
Botanists distinguish between distinct plant strains using physical characteristics such as variations in height, branching patterns, and leaf shape. This is the origin of the terms “indica” and “sativa.”
Compared to sativa plants, indica plants are smaller and have a woody stem as opposed to a fibrous one. Additionally, indica plants develop faster than sativa ones.
Regarding the cause of these physical changes between strains, there is some dispute. Certain scholars attribute these variances to human variation in breeding, while others attribute it to a combination of evolutionary adaptations and geographic isolation.
Cannabinoids
Among the most researched and talked about components of cannabis strains are cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). But thus far, scientists have recognized at least 144 distinct cannabinoids.
The effects that THC and CBD have on the human body are highly different. Contrary to popular belief, knowing whether a cannabis plant is an indica or sativa strain can sometimes give useful information about the relative quantities of THC or CBD it may contain.
It’s also critical to remember that there are hundreds of compounds that contribute to the various effects of different cannabis strains, of which THC and CBD are just two. Make sure you go over the product’s certificate of analysis’s cannabinoid profile. This may provide further details on the strain’s THC, CBD, and other potential chemical contents.
THC
Experts in medicine claim that THC has psychotropic qualities. To put it another way, THC is responsible for the “high” that most people associate with cannabis use.
High THC cannabis strains might cause anxiety in some users, but they can be beneficial for those who struggle with pain, melancholy, and sleep issues.
CBD
While CBD doesn’t get users “high,” it can have a positive impact on mood and assist treat psychoses and anxiety. In tiny and well regulated dosages, CBD can be a stimulant despite its reputation for promoting calm.
Indica
The Middle East is where the Cannabis indica plant first appeared, specifically in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tibet.
Generally speaking, it has more CBD than cannabis sativa, even though the ratio of CBD to THC is quite near to 1:1.
Most people believe that indica has a flat, calming high and is a good pain reliever. This strain exists in hybrid form in several medicinal cannabis cultivars.
Having said that, it is crucial to remember that there is less scientific support for these theories. Indica strains differ greatly from sativa strains in terms of variety, and many experts feel that it is incorrect to generalize about the psychoactive and other effects of various strains.
sativa
Warmer regions of the planet, including Southeast Asia, Central America, and South America, are the origins of cannabis sativa.
Most individuals say it gives them a more creative and invigorating high, while other people report feeling anxious after using it. Additionally beneficial to those suffering from depression, migraines, nausea, and appetite loss is sativa. THC is often higher in sativa plants than CBD.
It’s crucial to remember that certain scientific study refutes these assertions. While certain sativa plants could be stimulating, others might not be. It’s the same with indica strains.
Hybrids
Throughout the lengthy history of cannabis usage by humans, hybrid strains of cannabis sativa and cannabis indica have been produced by cultivators and by nature.
To create plants that grow faster, produce more, and counterbalance the invigorating and soothing benefits, hybrids have been produced.
Ruderalis
The colder regions of the planet, such Russia and the border between Hungary and Ukraine, are where Cannabis ruderalis originated. It grows wild, and some people think it could be descended from hemp plants that got away.
Although its THC and CBD content are not very high, breeders appreciate it since it can blossom on its own without the help of a grower. For this reason, ruderalis is often used in hybridization with sativa or indica.